Self reliance can come only when we design & convert into reality undergoing all short comings in manufacturing​.we are major producers of grey iron castings both domestically and globally.In my opinion there is a relatively new field of engg components produced in Austempered ductile iron.The general thinking is the cost of materials is high.Actually the strength of the material is as high as 5 times.our designers can reduce wall thickness & wt.to be competitive globally with cheaper manpower.

When we can show the world with cheapest space projects why not in other fields.we have to explore possibilities of producing high manganese mild steel sheets.it has superior properties like strength, reduction in thickness for the same strength,work hardening.we need roofing sheets, automobile body sheets.Devloped countries are already on this project.why with so many engineer's we cannot achieve this goal. This is my view may be right or wrong with our limitations on R&D.

We can use flyash for making automobile parts Mr. Nikhil Gupta from New York University has discovered some interesting use of flyash

Please refer " Design of prestressed concrete structures" by T.Y. lin and Need H. Burns

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As i am a fresher civil engineer I know the importance of steel I different field of construction As per IS codes it gives percentage of steel should be used in construction We can less steel and have a better results if we use pretension section but it needs more research work as it is not so good in withstanding Seismic loads because of hung formation.... We can bring change if we fallow example of USA, Germany, Russia from year 1968

Sir please issue the reuse of railway steel , so much of waisteg going on in railway sectors . It's helpful for construction also...

mr modi gv me your mobile no i wl call and gv you sugestion to develop HINDUSTAN 9449483053

modi DARE and do work by appionting unemployed youth bcz your IAS,KAS,and ministers are looting nation by corruption,casteism,goondism,otherwise UNO has to take over administration of this country upto development.your hindi will not fill stomach,carreer,future and HINDU nation at any rate even for 500 years -9449483053 uday

respected sir, as you know well a small good change in the process will give a good quality improvement . as per my knowledge the existing vertical vents which are used in the steel foundries is the venting process followed by our forefathers when the had invented melting process. these vents should be replaced with my invention VASSUVENT - A HORIZONTAL VENTING TECHNIQUE'FOR SAND CASTINGS ( PATENT NO. 201611005011. ) WITH REGARDs, R.vassudevan 7742902508