The Ministry of Defence is responsible for national defence, administration of the Armed Forces, and formulation of defence policy to safeguard the sovereignty and territorial integrity of India. It ensures preparedness against external threats and coordinates defence strategy, procurement, and modernisation of the armed forces.

The Ministry functions through five key Departments:

• Department of Defence – Deals with defence policy, the three Services, and inter-service coordination.
• Department of Military Affairs – Responsible for the management of the Armed Forces and promoting jointness among the Services.
• Department of Defence Production – Focuses on indigenous production of defence equipment and strengthening self-reliance in defence manufacturing.
• Department of Defence Research & Development – Oversees research and technological advancement through the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
• Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare – Looks after the welfare, rehabilitation, and resettlement of ex-servicemen and their families.